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Submitted: 04 Jun 2023
Accepted: 07 Aug 2023
ePublished: 23 Sep 2023
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J Prev Epidemiol. 2024;9(2): e35213.
doi: 10.34172/jpe.2023.35213
  Abstract View: 394
  PDF Download: 72

Original

Association of the severity and pattern of pituitary adenoma-related headache with the size and type of adenoma

Farzad Najafipour 1* ORCID logo, Newsha Hedayati 2 ORCID logo, Neda Hedayati 3 ORCID logo, Mehdi Farhoudi 1,4 ORCID logo

1 Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 Department of Internal Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
3 School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Neurosciences Reasearch Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Farzad Najafipour, Email: najafipourf@tbzmed.ac.ir

Abstract

Introduction: Headache is one of the essential symptoms of pituitary adenoma associated with the tumor and the patient’s characteristics. The pattern of adenoma-related headaches varies widely and can significantly impact the patient’s quality of life.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the severity and pattern of headaches in patients with pituitary adenoma in Iran.

Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we investigated 109 patients with an initial complement of headaches. The diagnosis of pituitary adenoma was confirmed. Patients’ demographic characteristics [e.g., gender, body mass index (BMI), and age] and tumor characteristics (e.g., subtype of tumor and size of tumor) were collected by interview, clinical examination, and imaging. We measured the severity of the headache using Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) questionnaire version 1.1.

Results: In our study, the most common subtype of pituitary adenoma was prolactinoma, followed by non-functional growth hormone (GH)-releasing and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-releasing adenomas. Functional adenoma was significantly more common in women; however, the incidence of non-functional adenoma was more in men (61%), indicating the correlation between gender and subtype of adenoma (P=0.008). Most tumors were functional microadenomas (69%), while macroadenomas were primarily non-functional (50%). The HIT-6 scores demonstrated that functional microadenomas had higher HIT-6 scores and patients with prolactinoma experienced more severe headaches than other subtypes (P=0.003).

Conclusion: Our study revealed significant effects of the type of adenoma on the severity of headaches, as patients with functional microadenomas had more muscular headaches. Additionally, the hormone-releasing function of tumors plays a vital part in the advent and severity of adenoma-related headaches.


Citation: Najafipour F, Hedayati N, Hedayati N, Farhoudi M. Association of the severity and pattern of pituitary adenomarelated headache with the size and type of adenoma. J Prev Epidemiol. 2024;9(2):e35213. doi: 10.34172/jpe.2023.35213.
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