Azar Baradaran
1,2 
, Padideh Daneii
3 , Mahshid Imankhan
4 , Mahsa Motieian
5 , Sina Neshat
6* 1 Department of Pathology, Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan, Iran
2 Nickan Research Institute, Isfahan, Iran
3 Department of Cardiology, University of Florida Health, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
4 Independent Researcher, 1514 Sheridan Rd NE apt 4014, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
5 Independent Researcher, Dobbs Ferry, New York, USA
6 Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, 550 16th St, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
Abstract
Collapsing glomerulopathy is a rare and serious disease that is characterized by a rapid deterioration of kidney function and heavy proteinuria. This disease is a variant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). The disease is more serious than other types of FSGS, with high risks of renal failure and poor prognosis. Collapsing glomerulopathy is often resistant to immunosuppressive therapy and can rapidly result in renal failure, making diagnosing and managing this disease an enormous challenge.