Sara Ghaseminejad Kermani
1 
, Jalal Rezaei
2 , Sara Rasta
1 , Meysam Arbuzia
3,4 , Tayabeh Bahmani
5,6 , Hossein Mardanparvar
7,8* 1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
4 Department of Nursing, Qeshm Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm, Iran
5 Clinical Education Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
6 Department of Operating Room, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
7 Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
8 Guissu Research Corporation, Bandar Abbas, Iran
Abstract
Lipoprotein (a) is a type of lipoprotein that consists of a cholesterol-rich low-density lipoprotein particle bound to a unique protein called apolipoprotein (a). A strengthened risk of vascular diseases, such as stroke and coronary artery disease is accompanied by elevated levels of this protein. However, recent research has also highlighted the potential role of lipoprotein (a) in kidney-related conditions. Lp (a) appears to play a significant role in kidney diseases. An increased risk of kidney disease development and progression, diabetic nephropathy and renal artery stenosis, and renal transplant dysfunction accompanies high plasma values of Lp (a).