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Submitted: 09 Apr 2017
Accepted: 12 Jun 2017
ePublished: 16 Jul 2017
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J Prev Epidemiol. 2017;2(2): e15.
  Abstract View: 3068
  PDF Download: 1812

Original

The incidence of pressure ulcer in old patients undergoing open heart surgery and the relevant factors 

Mojtaba Senmar 1, Jalil Azimian 1, Hossein Rafiei 1*, Mitra Habibollahpour 1, Fatemeh Yousefi 1

1 Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Correspondence to: Hossein Rafiei, Email: Hosseinrafiei21@yahoo.com

Abstract

Introduction: The proportion of old inpatients in cardiac intensive care units (CICUs) is increasing.

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the relationship of hemodynamic and oxygenation status with the risk of pressure ulcers following open heart surgery in old patients.

Patients and Methods: The present descriptive study was conducted over three months in 2016 on 48 patients selected using convenience sampling. The data collection tools included a three-part demographic information checklist, hemodynamic clinical data collection forms, oxygenation clinical data collection forms and the Braden scale. The data collected were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive tests, the independent t test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results: Of the 48 patients, 28 (58.3%) were male and 20 (41.7%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 68.16 ± 5.53 years and their mean length of stay was 2.95 ± 0.96 days. All the pressure ulcers were stage 1 and 2. The incidence of pressure ulcers in these patients was found to have statistically significant relationships with the mean heart rate on the second day (P = 0.01), the mean arterial carbon dioxide level on the fourth day (P = 0.02), diabetes (P = 0.01) and smoking (P = 0.001), while it lacked statistically significant relationships with the other hemodynamic and oxygenation variables studied.

Conclusion: Old patients undergoing open heart surgeries are at a high risk of the incidence and development of pressure ulcers. Thus, factors such as diabetes, smoking, heart rate and arterial carbon dioxide level affect the incidence of these ulcers. 


Citation: Senmar M, Azimian J, Rafiei H, Habibollahpour M, Yousefi F. The incidence of pressure ulcer in old patients undergoing open heart surgery and the relevant factors. J Prev Epidemiol. 2017;2(2):e09. DOI: 10.15171/jpe.2017.09.
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