Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention Journal of Preventive Epidemiology 2476-3934 6 2 2021 07 01 Study of prevalence of lymphoceles after kidney transplantation e28 e28 10.34172/jpe.2021.28 EN Afshar Zomorodi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5497-4933 Farnood Salmani Milani Mohsen Mohammad Rahimi https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3694-3986 Journal Article 10.34172/jpe.2021.28 2021 06 19 2021 08 07 Introduction: One of the complications of renal transplantation after surgery, which is frequently observed, is the symptomatic accumulation of fluid around the kidney, such as hematoma, lymphocele or lymphuria. Objectives: The incidence of lymphocele after kidney transplantation is widely different, therefore we decided to conduct a study to investigate the prevalence of lymphocytes in transplant recipients. Patients and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study. The target population in this study was adult and middle-aged men and women with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who have undergone kidney transplant surgery at the kidney center of Imam Reza hospital in the last 5 years. Results: In all transplant recipients, symptomatic lymphoceles were observed in only 5 patients (3 female and 2 male patients with the mean age of 40.2±17.2 years) who occurred on average 48.4 ± 21.12 days after surgery between 24 days and 78 days. The results showed that 62% (156 cases) of patients were men and 211 patients (84.4%) were male transplant recipients. Also, 198 (79.2%) transplant donors were living donor and 52 (20.8%) were deceased donor/brain death. Conclusion: In the present study, we found the prevalence of lymphocele in transplant recipients in the kidney transplant center of Imam Reza in five years is 5 patients (2%) out of 250 patients with an average annual incidence of 1-2%.