Society of Diabetic Nephropathy Prevention Journal of Preventive Epidemiology 2476-3934 6 1 2021 01 01 Effectiveness of neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism e05 e05 10.34172/jpe.2021.05 EN Behrouz Shayestefard https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0704-5626 Naim Sadat Kia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6003-0741 Masoumeh Alimohammadi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7629-555X Elaheh Ghods https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5029-8851 Journal Article 10.34172/jpe.2021.05 2021 01 13 2021 03 03 Introduction: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common preventable cause of mental retardation. Newborn screening program considerably increases probability of CH diagnosis and treatment. Objectives: We aimed to investigate the efficacy of running CH screening program to maintain normal IQ and physical growth of hypothyroid children in Semnan city. Patients and Methods: This study was performed on children with definite CH who were treated and followed up in Semnan health centers. Around 41 children born within 2008-2013 (minimum three years of age) participated. Respective weight and height for age were measured. The Z-scores were calculated based on the WHO-Anthro-Anthro Plus Software. Intelligence Quotient (IQ) was measured with Wechsler Intelligence Score for children-revised (WISC-R). Data analyzed with one-tailed t test compared with age and gender-matched group. Results: The mean IQ Score in our study group was 90.09 (1.73) with no significant difference compared to healthy counterparts (P > 0.05). Z-score for weight and height was -0.46 and -0.45 prospectively and was not significantly different from normal children. Conclusion: Newborn screening program for CH has been effective in preventing mental retardation and growth failure.